Electronic Connectors Types and Terms

  • AC power connectors vary by gender, geometry and configuration and are used to transfer alternating current (AC) through electronic devices. AC power connectors, which range from simple AC inlets and outlets to sophisticated power entry modules, are used in a wide variety of industries within the commercial, industrial and residential sectors.
  • Amp connectors range in amperage, which determines their application. Amp connectors can be applied to either AC or DC applications and are used as PV array, small power and battery, solar panel array and subarray connections, among others.
  • Cable connectors make connections between cable cords and electronic components.
  • Card edge connectors are used on personal computers to establish connections for parts, such as processors, motherboards and graphics ports. Card edge connectors have higher maximum heat capabilities than many other connectors, due to the heated internal environment of a PC.
  • Coax (short for coaxial) connectors are single-conductor cables that have braided shields. Coax connectors were used primarily in the 1980s for data transmission purposes but can still be found in many video applications today.
  • Deutsche Industrie Normen (DIN) connectors are round multi-pin connectors. DIN and mini-DIN plugs, such as S-video connections, are considered audio connectors.
  • Electrical connectors transmit electricity between a power source and devices that rely on electric power to run.
  • Modular connectors are connectors in which identical or similar sections can be assembled to provide the ideal connector size or type for the application.
  • Phone connectors are 1/4 inch in diameter and were originally used for telephone connections. Mono phone jacks are used for a number of microphones, while stereo phone jacks are often used for connecting headphones to audio components.
  • Power connectors transmit power between sources and devices that rely on power to function.
  • Radio frequency (RF) connectors are a connection type that is designed to function at radio frequencies. Variations of RF connectors include BNC, TNC, N, SMA, SMB, SMC and F connectors.
  • RCA connectors are by far the most commonly used audio connections. RCA connectors are used for coaxial and composite-video cables.
  • Speaker cable connectors provide secure, corrosion-free contact without the risk of fraying wires. Speaker connectors include banana plugs, binding posts, screw terminals, spades and spring clips.
  • Universal serial bus (USB) connectors are a type of computer connection with a maximum data transfer rate of about 12 megabits per second. USB 2 is an upgrade to the original USB connector, offering a higher data transfer rate among other benefits.

Action Pin Contact - A style of contact that has a split pin which provides gastight retention when used in conjunction with a printed circuit board.

Angular Misalignment - Loss at a connector resulting from the skewing of fiber end face angles.

Back Mounted - A type of configuration in which the connector is attached to the interior of a box or panel, along with its flanges for mounting.

Body - The largest or main section of a connector to which all other parts are attached.

Bulkhead - A connector that is inserted into a panel cutout from the component side of the panel.

Center Fastener - A fastening device located in the center of a pair of mating connectors. On one connector there is a threaded screw that attaches to the threaded bushing on its mating connector.

Connector Plug - A device that terminates an electrical or optical cable.

Connector Receptacle - The stationary half of a connection that mates with a plug. Connector receptacles are mounted on a panel or bulkhead.

Contact - An electrically conductive piece used in multi-circuit connectors.

Contact Durability - The number of withdrawal and insertion cycles a connector must be able to withstand, while remaining within performance levels of certain specifications.

Dust Cap - A device that is attached to connectors to provide protection from foreign debris and dust.

Extraction Tool - A tool that is used to remove a contact from a connector.

Flange - A projection that extends from a connector and contains holes for mounting a connector to a panel or mating connector.

Guide Pin - A device that provides alignment when connecting mating connectors. Guide pins also prevent contact damage due to the mismating of connectors.

Holding Strength - The capability of a connector to stay assembled to a wire or cable under tension.

Interface - The surfaces of a multi-contact connector that face each other while the connector is assembled.

Jack - A connecting mechanism into which a plug is inserted to make circuit connections.

Jumper - A short fiber optic cable that has connectors on either end.

Loss - The amount of signal power lost due to defects in connectors, splices or fibers. Loss is expressed in decibels (dB).

Panel Mount - A method used to attach a connector to a panel, board or frame.

PC (Physical Contact)
- A term that refers to an optical connector whose fiber ends physically touch, which minimizes backreflection and insertion loss.

Sealing Plug - A plug that is used to seal unoccupied contact cavities. Sealing plugs are especially critical in environmental connectors.

Withstanding Voltage - The voltage that a connector is able to withstand for a minute without showing signs of electrical breakdown.